欧盟进口规则：关键问题

中文

向欧洲销售需要欧盟责任人吗？

需要。从欧盟境外向欧洲消费者销售时，责任人（responsible person）必须在欧盟境内设立。一次任命即可覆盖整个欧盟。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988 (GPSR), Article 16; applicable since 13 December 2024.

欧盟责任人的费用是多少？

公开报价约为每年200至800欧元，通常按产品目录计费。玩具、电器或大型目录费用更高。 Full answer (English).

Source: published pricing of Responsible Person services and seller-reported prices in marketplace seller forums. No official EU fee exists; the market sets this price.

我的亚马逊商品信息为什么被下架？

最可能的原因：商品信息未登记有效的欧盟责任人。自2025年起电商平台会下架此类商品，与产品本身无关。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988, Article 22 (obligations of online marketplaces); marketplace seller policies, 2025-2026.

英国公司可以担任欧盟责任人吗？

英国本土（英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士）的公司不行：责任人必须在欧盟境内设立，而英国自2020年1月31日起已不再是成员国。北爱尔兰是例外：根据《温莎框架》，GPSR在北爱尔兰适用，因此在北爱尔兰设立的经营者可以担任欧盟责任人。若要在英国本土销售，仍需另行安排。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988 (GPSR), Article 16, "Person responsible for products placed on the Union market", which requires an economic operator "established in the Union"; the UK ceased to be a member state on 31 January 2020 and the transition period ended on 31 December 2020. Northern Ireland is the exception: the GPSR applies there under the Windsor Framework from 13 December 2024, and an economic operator established in Northern Ireland counts as established in the Union for Article 16 (UK Office for Product Safety and Standards, detailed guidance: the responsible economic operator must be "established in either NI or the EU").

我从欧盟境外做代发货（dropshipping），也适用吗？

适用。义务归属于登记卖方，即使每个订单都由境外供应商直接发货。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988, Articles 4 and 16.

产品或包装上必须标明什么？

制造商和责任人的名称与地址，以及产品标识；警示信息须使用销售各国的语言。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988, Articles 9(5), 9(6), 9(7), 11(3), 11(4), 16(3) and 19.

谁能替我办理？

查看（英文）服务商列表，或通过主页表单一次获取三家报价。 Full answer (English).

Source: editorial list of providers on importrules.com.

亚马逊后台在哪里上传欧盟责任人？

卖家平台 → 绩效 → 账户状况 → 管理您的合规性 → 添加合规性信息：上传欧盟责任人、制造商信息和警示与安全信息。每个欧洲站点都要分别提交一次：亚马逊要求按站点提交，即使各站点用的是同一位欧盟责任人；警示与安全文字还须使用该国官方语言。 Full answer (English).

Source: Amazon's GPSR announcement and compliance help pages on Seller Central (help page G8AECGHY2KLD88D7; separate pages for FR, DE, IT and ES), which state the responsible person must be submitted for each store you sell in. Seller Central pages need a seller login and Amazon changes them without notice. The underlying duty is Regulation (EU) 2023/988 (GPSR), Article 16.

上传欧盟责任人要花钱吗？大概多少？

在平台后台上传本身免费；费用产生在委托第三方担任欧盟责任人。市场价格大约每年几百到几千元人民币（约合200至800欧元），视产品类别和目录大小而定。 Full answer (English).

Source: Amazon seller guidance for GPSR compliance (Seller Central); published pricing of Responsible Person services. No official EU fee exists; the market sets this price.

每个欧洲站点都要分别办理欧盟责任人吗？

法律上不需要：一位欧盟责任人即覆盖整个欧盟，这是该制度的设计初衷，你无需为每个国家另找一家。但亚马逊后台是另一回事：同一位责任人的信息仍须在每个欧洲站点分别提交一次，警示与安全文字须使用该国语言。法律要求与平台操作不是一回事。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988 (GPSR), Article 16: one responsible person covers the whole Union. Amazon's GPSR announcement and compliance help pages on Seller Central (help page G8AECGHY2KLD88D7) state that the information must still be submitted for each store you sell in. The legal duty and the platform procedure are two different things.

如何查询一家公司是否在制裁名单上？

使用本站的免费查询：一次搜索覆盖九个官方名单（欧盟、联合国、美国OFAC、英国、瑞士、加拿大、澳大利亚、乌克兰），每条结果均按发布机构公布的原样列出依据。 Full answer (English).

Source: all the lists as published by their own authorities: the European Commission (EU consolidated), the consolidated text of Regulation (EU) 833/2014, the UN Security Council, OFAC, the FCDO, SECO, Global Affairs Canada, DFAT, the Ukrainian State Register (NSDC) and every other national register the check searches. Obligation itself: EU restrictive measures, e.g. Regulation (EU) 269/2014, Article 2 (freezing, and no making available), and the equivalent article in each sanctions regulation. Every hit reproduces the ground exactly as the publishing authority gives it; where an authority publishes only a listing date, that is what you see.

这个网站为什么存在？

因为创始人自己就是国际贸易经纪人，不是律师：法规都是公开的，但弄清哪些适用于你、谁能帮忙、合理价格是多少，本身就是一项工作。这里有免费工具、每条答案都注明来源和核对日期，以及服务商名单。发现错误或缺失？请告诉我们，会注明来源后更正。 Full answer (English).

Source: importrules.com/about/: who writes this site, where the answers come from and how they are checked and dated.

CE标志是否等于GPSR合规？

不等于。这是最常见的误解。CE标志证明产品符合相关技术法规；它不说明欧盟境内是否存在可联系到的责任经济经营者。两者是彼此独立的要求。带CE标志的产品，其责任经营者义务来自第2019/1020号欧盟条例第4条，自2021年7月16日起适用；不属于协调立法范围的消费品则适用GPSR第16条，自2024年12月13日起适用。产品可以完全有CE标志，但仍缺少欧盟责任经营者，listing照样会被下架。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Article 4 (CE-marked products under the harmonisation legislation listed in Article 4(5); applicable since 16 July 2021) and Regulation (EU) 2023/988, Article 16 (consumer products in GPSR scope; applicable since 13 December 2024). CE marking and the EU responsible economic operator are two separate requirements.

木制品和家具出口欧盟有什么额外要求？

木家具同时触碰三层法规：GPSR（消费品安全）、EUDR（木材来源无毁林，需地块地理定位；大型和中型企业自2026年12月30日起适用）以及某些板材的甲醛限量。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 (EUDR), as amended by the December 2025 postponement; European Commission EUDR page.

咖啡、大米或海鲜出口欧盟，规则不同吗？

食品有自己的制度（卫生、可追溯性、边境检查），不在本指南范围内。但食品的包装仍触发各成员国的EPR注册，咖啡还在EUDR毁林清单上。农产品出口商承担的比想象中多。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 (EUDR), as amended by the December 2025 postponement; European Commission EUDR page.

我需要注册REACH吗？

只有进口化学物质时才需要：门槛是每个法人实体每个日历年度一吨，而非按每批货计算。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 (REACH), Articles 6 and 7.

EPR（生产者延伸责任）需要在哪里注册？

逐个成员国注册；欧盟没有统一登记系统。自2026年8月12日起，包装法规还要求：在自己未设立机构的成员国内直接向最终用户供应包装或带包装产品的经营者，须指定授权代表。若你以B2B方式卖给欧盟进口商或经销商，生产者是该买方，义务由他承担。 Full answer (English).

Source: Directive 2008/98/EC, Articles 8 and 8a (general EPR framework), as implemented per member state; packaging under Directive 94/62/EC until 11 August 2026 and Regulation (EU) 2025/40 (PPWR) from 12 August 2026; WEEE under Directive 2012/19/EU; batteries under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. The authorised representative is PPWR Article 45(3), read with Article 3(1)(15)(c) and (d), which cover supply directly to end users in a member state where the producer is not established; date of application 12 August 2026 under Article 71.

技术文件需要保存多久？

十年，由欧盟责任人保存。实践中：工厂提供文件，责任人保管并在监管机构询问时作答。 Full answer (English).

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/988, Article 9(3) (manufacturer keeps the technical documentation for 10 years) and Article 11(6) (importer keeps a copy for 10 years); Article 9(2) sets out what the documentation must contain.